Abstract

Splenectomy is a procedure to treat the symptoms of hypersplenism, to investigate disease stage in hematological malignancies and in the treatment of splenic injuries. The study aims is to evaluated the risk factors influencing mortality in cases undergone splenectomy. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the hospital, records of 50 patients who underwent splenectomy due to hematological diseases between June 2019 to July 2022 in the Department of Surgery. Data had been included age, sex, indication and complications of splenectomy. Routine physical examination of chest, abdomen, blood pressure, arterial pulse rate, breathing rate and temperature were measured. In addition, routine investigations were done such as random blood sugar (RBS), virology screening, complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation profile. Before 2 weeks of splenectomy, all cases give polyvalent Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae B vaccinations.. Results: Of the 50 patients evaluated, 56% (28 patients) were female, the youngest being 28 years old and the oldest being 67 years old. The mean hospitalization time of the patients was 8.44�2.65 days and ranged between 3 and 21 days. The mean age was 38.75�16.85 years. Most of the patients had ITP. There was no significant difference between the pre- and postoperative CBC. However, we observed a statistically significant difference between the WBC and platelets (p<0.001). Complications occurred in 66% of the cases. Complications were observed in all patients with ITP and hemolytic anemia. Blood transfusions were administered to ten patients preoperatively and 8 cases postoperatively. There were no case of death recorded during hospitalization. Conclusion: The mortality did not occur following splenectomy. The most commonly observed morbidity was effusion.

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