Abstract

Causes of phoechromocytoma are genetic mutations and sporadic cases. Risk factors for phoechromocytoma include family history, a very few genetic syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), Con-Hippal vndau )VHL) syndrome, neuro fibramatous type 1 (NF 1), age, gender, stress, physical triggers and other mediacal conditions. Common symptoms are palpitations, perspiration, pain ( headache) and pressure ( high blood pressure).Additional symptoms include pallor and weight loss. Diagnosis is based on medical history, physical examination and names of laboratory tests are plasma or urinary metanephrines, plasma or urinary catechol amines and imaging studies such as CT scan ( Computed Topography), MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), MIBG scxintigraphy and other functional tests are clonidine supressioin test, glucagon stimulation test. Differential diagnosis is dependent on anxiety and essential hypertension. Treatment is related to surgery, medication, pre operative preparation and regular follow up. The prognosis for phoechromocytoma is commonly favourable if diagnosed and treated in a promt manner. Finally it is concluded that phoechromocytoma is a rare adrenal gland tumor that can exhibit serious health consequences, if not diagnosed and treated in an prompt manner. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking medical treatment play a major role towards a favourable prognosis.

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